Will a proposal to measure cost effectiveness as any one of the specific aims and/or to include it as any outcome of the study be deemed nonresponsive, even if it measures other outcomes that are meaningful to patients and other stakeholders?

Yes. LOIs that propose to conduct cost-effectiveness analysis in any capacity, if invited to submit a full application, will be asked to remove this aim in their full application.  If this aim is not removed, those applications that conduct cost-effectiveness analysis in any capacity may be deemed nonresponsive, and may not proceed to Merit Review.